Hospital Practices and Research

Abstract Background: Health Literacy (HL) is closely related to health status. Measuring public HL levels helps to warn about health status and manage health problems through timely interventions. The items of relevant evaluation tools are complex and numerous in Iran, and there is no recognized HL brief scale for the whole population.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to translate the Health Literacy Scale Short-Form (12-item) (HLS-SF12) and test the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the HLS-SF12 in the Iranian population.
Methods: This research was descriptive with a psychometrics aim. The research population included 289 male and female students from four faculties of Islamic Azad University of Dezful, who were selected using a random sampling method. The Persian version of HLS-SF12 was used to collect data. The construct validity (exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis) and internal reliability of the instrument were evaluated. The research data was analyzed using SPSS-26 and AMOS-26 software.
Results: The Cronbach's alpha reliability of the HLS-SF12 and subscales were in the range of 0.72 to 0.88. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed the existence of three factors in HLS-SF12. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original three-factor model of the questionnaire, and fit indices indicated a good model fit index for Persian HLS-SF12 (GFI=0.961, CFI=0.974, IFI=0.966, TLI=0.971, and RMSEA=0.073).
Conclusion: The Persian version of HLS-SF12 has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a tool to evaluate the HL of Iranian students. In addition, due to the strength of the structure and having appropriate psychometric specifications, HLS-SF12 had the capability to be used by researchers.

Abstract Background: In recent years in Iran, several studies have examined the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions based on the second and third psychological waves on academic burnout.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to integrate the results of these studies and compare the impact of these interventions on academic burnout.
Methods: The research method is meta-analysis. The study population includes all scientific research articles published in Iran that have been performed in the field of effectiveness of second and third wave psychological interventions for academic burnout. The sample size includes scientific research articles that have been published between 2016 and 2021 and have the necessary conditions in terms of methodology. The research tool is a content analysis checklist by examining the magnitude of the effect of each of the second and third wave psychotherapies. The effect size scale was the mean difference and the statistical analysis was performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (CMA-2).
Results: The results showed that the average size of Cohen's effect in the second wave studies was d= 2.460 and in the third wave studies was d = 2.080 (p <0.01). According to Cohen's interpretation table means the size of the effect is large or high. Also, the results did not show a significant difference between the effect size of second wave studies and third wave studies (p >0.05).
Conclusion: Therefore, it can be stated that based on the results of this meta-analysis, therapeutic interventions based on the second and third psychological waves is effective in improving the learners' academic burnout.