Hospital Practices and Research

Abstract Background: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is considered as a risk factor for several neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease.
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of post-TBI PD.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on two groups of patients referred to Al-Zahra Hospital in Isfahan in 2023. The first group consisted of patients who had suffered TBI 10 years ago. The second group included Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients. Census sampling was performed in both groups based on the number of patients referred to the selected center. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS ver.22 and p<0.05 was considered as the significance level.
Results: Out of 1260 PD patients, 25 (1.98%) had TBI and out of 200 TBI patients, 2 (1%) had PD. There was a significant relationship between the severity of moderate TBI and the PD incidence in patients in both groups (first group p = 0.0001 and second group p = 0.002) (p <0.05). There was no significant relationship between the frequency of TBI and its mechanism with the PD incidence in both groups (p >0.05). The odd ratio of developing PD with a mean of 7 years after TBI diagnosis was 0.36, which increased to 1.42 with increasing the TBI duration to the mean age of 30 years.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study confirmed the need for information on the treatment and prevention of post-TBI PD. It should be noted that other underlying factors such as aging, genetics, etc. can also be effective in the development of PD.

Abstract Background: Sodium disorders are one of the most important electrolyte disorders among brain trauma patients.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of hyponatremia in patients with moderate and severe brain trauma and its relationship with disease prognosis.
Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional and prospective study was conducted on brain trauma patients visiting Kashani Hospital in Isfahan city in 2023. The obtained data was analyzed by SPSS 24.
Results: Out of the 54 examined (23 severe TBI and 31 moderate TBI) patients, hypernatremia was observed in seven cases (13%), and hyponatremia was observed in 23 cases (42.7%). Hyponatremia on the first day had a significant relationship with the bad prognosis of the disease. In addition, a significant relationship was observed between the type of imaging findings and GOS, so that people who had ICH imaging findings were associated with a poorer prognosis p <0.05.
Conclusion: On the first day, hyponatremia had a significant prevalence in moderate and severe brain trauma patients, which was associated with a bad prognosis of the disease, and this relationship is not dependent on factors such as age, gender, and cause of trauma.