@article { author = {Tolentino Júnior, Dilceu and de Assis, Eliseu and de Oliveira, Roberto}, title = {Diagnostic and Therapeutic Resources for Risk Stratification of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome}, journal = {Hospital Practices and Research}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {1-6}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2476-390X}, eissn = {2476-3918}, doi = {10.34172/hpr.2021.01}, abstract = {Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) results from acute obstruction of a coronary artery which is responsible for a high mortality rate worldwide. The consequences depend on the degree and location of the obstruction and vary from unstable angina to non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. The symptoms are similar in each of these syndromes (except for sudden death), involving chest discomfort with or without dyspnea, nausea, and diaphoresis. The diagnosis is possible; thanks to the electrocardiogram that is essential and the existence or absence of serological markers. In addition to these initial resources, other diagnostic methods are noteworthy, such as stress electrocardiogram, echocardiography, nuclear cardiology, computed tomography angiography, and exercise test. Other necessary measures are the stratification of the identified cases according to the degree of risk, availability of a coronary intensive care unit, and the establishment of the opportune treatment that consists of oxygen therapy, analgesia, sedation, antiplatelet, anticoagulants, nitrates, beta-blockers drugs, reperfusion of emergency with fibrinolytic drugs, percutaneous intervention or, occasionally, myocardial revascularization surgery to provide the recovery and consequently a better quality of life for the patient. This brief review aims to discuss the available diagnostic and therapeutic resources and the appropriate risk stratification for adequate care for the victims of acute coronary heart disease promptly in a hospital setting.}, keywords = {Diagnosis,treatment,Cardiovascular Risk Stratification,CORONARY DISEASE}, url = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_126230.html}, eprint = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_126230_8b8542301a1d47a9fc37e502488312e0.pdf} } @article { author = {Sharbafshaaer, Minoo}, title = {Epidemiology, Reported Injury Characteristics of Brain Trauma: Evidences Collected from a Level-One-Trauma Center in Zahedan City, Iran}, journal = {Hospital Practices and Research}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {7-10}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2476-390X}, eissn = {2476-3918}, doi = {10.34172/hpr.2021.02}, abstract = {Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the damage to brain tissue and disruption of the brain function caused by an external mechanical force as evidenced by documented medical records. Objectives: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of TBI through age-groups, severity, and mechanism of TBI. Methods: This cross-sectional study contained all TBI patients who were admitted at the main level one trauma center hospital located in southeastern Iran. Results: The number of reported patients was 445 young and old adults with TBI. In total, the mean age of the patients was 32.35 ranging from 17 to >80 years. Of the studied patients 361 (81.1%) were male and 84 (18.9%) were women. The most common principal severity of TBI among patients aged 20–29 years was moderate. This corresponds with the age groups that are known to be at higher risk for three levels of TBI. Car accident multiple trauma and head trauma show severity of TBI in both genders. Conclusion: The research findings determined the lack of ignoring the traffic control system in southeastern Iran that was the main cause of the injury; consequently, the focus of all essentials in traffic management should be considered for this problem. It must be noted that the incidence of TBI is necessary as there remains no cure for mild-to-severe TBI. As the evidence for effectiveness and specific treatment is limited, it must be subjected to demanding research.}, keywords = {traumatic brain injuries,Trauma center,Epidemiology,Injury Characteristics}, url = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_127871.html}, eprint = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_127871_f93eb69c079e7c5fdad10b9553dd9fe4.pdf} } @article { author = {Kashyap, Bineeta and Jhamb, Rajat and Singh, Narendra Pal and Sarkar, Krishna and Avasthi, Rajnish and Khanna, Ashwani}, title = {Socio-Demographic and Clinical Profile of Health Care Workers Diagnosed for COVID-19 by Truenat at a Tertiary Care COVID Hospital}, journal = {Hospital Practices and Research}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {11-17}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2476-390X}, eissn = {2476-3918}, doi = {10.34172/hpr.2021.03}, abstract = {Background: In December 2019, in Wuhan, China; a new coronavirus emerged that had not been previously identified in humans. Hence is crucial to characterize the infection risk among infected health care workers (HCWs), being responsible for secondary transmission to patients, and others. Objectives: The current study aimed to assess the disease burden among the front-line warriors and efficiently planned the preventive and management strategies for such infections. Methods: HCWs with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 infection, who reported to Fever Clinic for possible diagnosis by Truenat testing, were enrolled through a self-reporting Risk Assessment form. An oropharyngeal swab was subjected to Truenat testing based on the principle of Real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Doctors comprised 60% of our HCWs. Eighty-three percent of the HCWs under study reported either the presence of BCG scar or gave a history of BCG immunization at birth. The maximum number of HCWs (29.16%) took Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis for four weeks. Seventy-four percent of the HCWs affirmed the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) at the time of exposure. The most common mode of infection reported was the exposure to COVID-19 patients. Fever was the most common reported symptom. Truenat was positive in 9 of 100 HCWs who were tested, giving an infection rate of 9%. Conclusion: The study provides insights into the burden of COVID-19 infection among HCWs, and guides us to evaluate and plan our preventive measures and management strategies for such infections.}, keywords = {COVID-19,Health care workers,Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction,BCG,hydroxychloroquine}, url = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_122189.html}, eprint = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_122189_7a58b9540a01c19718063ddb9511641b.pdf} } @article { author = {Taiwo, Emmanuel and Thanni, Lateef}, title = {Comparing Lipid Levels of Smokers and Non-smokers in Sagamu, South-West, Nigeria}, journal = {Hospital Practices and Research}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {18-22}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2476-390X}, eissn = {2476-3918}, doi = {10.34172/hpr.2021.04}, abstract = {Background: Serum lipid levels are known to be affected by the level of smoking of individuals in an environment. The prevalence of current smokers in Nigeria is 10.4%. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the blood lipid levels of selected people of Sagamu, Nigeria. Methods: This study involved 100 subjects selected using random sampling method in Sagamu, aged 25 to 54 years. Hypertensive and Diabetic subjects were exempted. The weight in kg and height in meters of each subject were measured. The body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) was calculated. Lipid profile (LP) was determined by analytical method. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: There were 80 males and 20 females in the study population. 40 (80.0%) males and 10 (20.0%) females were smokers in the study group. There were 24 (48.0%) smokers and 27 (54.0%) non-smokers in the age group 25 and 34 years. Two (4.0%) smokers of the study group were obese while 4 (8.0%) were obese non-smokers. Eighteen (36.0%) smokers and 14 (28.0%) non-smokers were overweight. The average total cholesterol (TC) of 198.71 ± 2.30 mg/dL in smokers was significantly greater than 174.62 ± 1.51 mg/dL in non-smokers (P < 0.05). The mean high-density lipoprotein (HDL) of 56.74 ± 1.15 mg/dL in non-smokers was significantly higher than 40.87 ± 1.32 mg/dL in smokers (P < 0.05). The average TC of 195.38 ± 2.22 mg/dL in male smokers was significantly greater than 166.04 ±1.51 mg/dL in male non-smokers (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The HDL levels in smokers are lower than non-smokers. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), and TC in smokers are however higher. The lipid levels of smokers gotten from this study can be used as a baseline for future study.}, keywords = {Lipids,body weight,smokers,non-smokers,BMI}, url = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_126221.html}, eprint = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_126221_a4be0124c737bdfea7e00a3291c0d3db.pdf} } @article { author = {Khodadadi, Vahid and Bakrani, Asghar and Vafaie, Mohammad Hossein}, title = {Factors Affecting Medical Equipment Management in the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: A Mixed Qualitative and Quantitative Study}, journal = {Hospital Practices and Research}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {23-28}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2476-390X}, eissn = {2476-3918}, doi = {10.34172/hpr.2021.05}, abstract = {Background: Medical equipment plays an important role in community health in critical situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine and identify the factors affecting the management of medical equipment in crisis situations. Methods: The present study was conducted as a mixed qualitative and quantitative study in 2020. In the qualitative section using the targeted sampling method, ten medical equipment management experts and in the quantitative section using available sampling method, 200 managers and experts active in this field from hospitals and related companies were selected for this study. The qualitative part was conducted in two stages of reviewing texts and interviewing experts and in the quantitative part we evaluated the validity of the structure and the reliability of the questionnaire. Results: The validity of the structure was assessed using heuristic factor analysis. KMO index was 0.971 and Bartlett test was significant (P < 0.05). All six approved components in the content validity section, based on the mathematical model, explain and determine more than 77% of the variance related to the purpose of the study which is the management of medical equipment in COVID-19 pandemic situations. Conclusion: The results showed that the instructions, management, information technology, equipment, manpower, and physical space components had the highest and lowest priority in the management of medical equipment in critical situations, respectively. In this regard, appropriate instructions should be provided first and localized protocols should be communicated from the same source at the same time.}, keywords = {Equipment and Supplies,Risk Management,COVID-19}, url = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_123039.html}, eprint = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_123039_b546a2c7447536f74ef2a02588bfc599.pdf} } @article { author = {Pourhoseingholi, Mohamad Amin and Rahimibashar, Farshid and Khosh Fetrat, Masoum and Vahedian-Azimi, Amir}, title = {Is the Ratio of Retracted Iranian Papers Compatible With Their Research Growth Rate? An International Database Survey}, journal = {Hospital Practices and Research}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {29-34}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2476-390X}, eissn = {2476-3918}, doi = {10.34172/hpr.2021.06}, abstract = {Background: Retraction of articles occurs as a result of scientific misconducts or honest errors. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the frequency of retracted Iranian publications, compared to those of other countries and adjust them with influential parameters. Methods: All publications that were indexed on the Scopus database from 2008 to 2017 and then retracted, due to scientific misconduct were extracted through the Retraction Watch database and selected as the research community. To calculate the growth of retraction for each proposed country (or region), first, the rate of an absolute number of retracted papers for the years 2013-2017 was divided by the similar number for years 2008-2012, then this rate was adjusted to the retracted rate which is similarly computed for the total retracted statistics of the world. Results: Overall, 545 Iranian retracted publications from 2008 to 2017 were identified, of which 240 and 305 retracted articles were related to the first five years and the second five years of the study, respectively. The results showed that less than 1% (0.82) of all scientific articles published by Iranian researchers were retracted. However, the rate of retracted scientific articles in Iran compared to this rate in the world was significantly higher. Conclusion: Although retracted Iranian publications make up a small percentage of all Iranian publications, the number of retracted publications is increasing. It is important to recognize the reasons for scientific misconducts and to provide researchers with proper education.}, keywords = {Retracted publication,Scientific Misconduct,Academic integrity,Iran}, url = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_127868.html}, eprint = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_127868_35c2bdefd2b14357eeb71ac66fe9ccc9.pdf} } @article { author = {Farshidmehr, Pezhman and Cheraghali, Roozbeh and Zabihi Mahmoudabadi, Hossein and Nazari, Mohammad Sadra and Gilani, Ali and Rahimpour, Ehsan}, title = {Primary Patency Rate of Superficial Femoral Artery Angioplasty in Patients with Stenosis/Occlusion of Femoropopliteal Artery}, journal = {Hospital Practices and Research}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {35-38}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2476-390X}, eissn = {2476-3918}, doi = {10.34172/hpr.2021.07}, abstract = {Background: The primary patency rate (PPR) is still controversial in angioplasty and heart bypass surgery for blood vessel repair and reconstruction in patients with femoropopliteal disease. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prolonged PPR rate in patients with stenosis/occlusion of the femoropopliteal artery undergoing superficial femoral artery (SFA) and popliteal angioplasty. Methods: A case series study population consisted of patients demonstrating femoropopliteal artery occlusion referred to Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran for angiography during 2016-2018. After angiography, patients underwent either stent placement or balloon angioplasty in the case of stenosis/occlusion of femoropopliteal arteries. After angioplasty, patients were followed up in the 3rd, 12th, and 24th months for re-examination, and color Doppler ultrasonography of femoropopliteal arteries was also performed to measure the patency rate. The SPSS Statistics version 21.0 was used to analyze the data. The Kaplan–Meier method and a log-rank test were utilized to evaluate this rate. Results: Sixty patients were included in the study, from which 44 were women (73.3%) and 16 were men (26.6%) with a mean age of 69.9 years. Fifty-two, 41, and 29 patients were examined at intervals of 3, 12, 24 months, with PPRs of 86%, 79%, and 68%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between claudication degree and procedure success (P = 0.02). Conclusion: The prolonged PPR rate of patients after femoropopliteal artery angioplasty was acceptable and was a safe and effective treatment. For future studies, an increase in the number of study variables, a more comprehensive classification, and PPR-related variables are suggested.}, keywords = {ANGIOPLASTY,femoral artery,Artery Occlusion,Primary Patency,Stenosis}, url = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_122192.html}, eprint = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_122192_bb6ebe456e63a0496fc203ea1be5936d.pdf} } @article { author = {Vahedi, Ensieh and Madani, Seyed Jalal and Molaee, Hamideh and Davoudi-Monfared, Esmat}, title = {Spontaneous Pneumothorax and Pneumomediastinum Following COVID-19}, journal = {Hospital Practices and Research}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {39-41}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2476-390X}, eissn = {2476-3918}, doi = {10.34172/hpr.2021.08}, abstract = {Background: Pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax are usually rare conditions after pneumonia. This study examines the progress of pneumonia of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to spontaneous pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in a patient. Case Presentation: The patient was a 40-year-old man who complained of nonproductive cough and dyspnea. He also complained of fever, sore throat, back, and chest pain. The patient used to smoke but now he quit .His O2 saturation was 89% at the time of admission. He was assessed with suspicion of COVID-19. CT scans of the chest showed brief changes of emphysema and a ground glass view was also seen in the lungs. In the patient’s tests, RT-PCR testing of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was performed and it was positive. Treatment was initiated and because of the progression of symptoms, the serial CT scanning of the patient’s lungs was performed daily; and cavitary changes, air-fluid appearance, and destructive changes of lungs were reported. After eight days, the patient’s cough worsened. CT scans of the patient’s lungs showed some bullaes, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum, thus a chest tube was inserted and oxygen therapy was begun on the patient with 3-6 L/min. After 5 days in CT, the patient was relieved of pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum and after a week, the chest tube came out. Conclusion: Pulmonary lesions of COVID 19 can progress to bullae, pneumomediastinum, and pneumothorax. Deterioration of dyspnea and respiratory symptoms can be a warning of pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax that can be confirmed by graphics and timely treatment of the patient can be life-saving.}, keywords = {Pneumothorax,Pneumomediastinum,COVID-19}, url = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_120765.html}, eprint = {https://www.jhpr.ir/article_120765_6575572f3b09397aeed3fe65ecaa700a.pdf} }