Short Communication
Fakhri Allahyari; Fatemeh Abedi; Mohsen Saberi Isfeedvajani; Seyed Javad Hoseininejad Anbaran; Esmat Davoudi Monfared
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 03 June 2022
Abstract
Background: The field of neurology encompasses a wide range of disease types, and recognizing the most common manifestations of these diseases, particularly in subgroups, is critical for improving appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic measures.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the ...
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Background: The field of neurology encompasses a wide range of disease types, and recognizing the most common manifestations of these diseases, particularly in subgroups, is critical for improving appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic measures.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of common manifestations of neurological diseases in patients referred to a military hospital’s internal neurology clinic.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of patients referred to the internal neurology clinic of a reference military hospital, Tehran, Iran in 2020. The sampling was done at random using a checklist. Finally data was analyzed by using SPSS software. Results: Women made up the majority of patients in 336 samples 182 (54.2 %) versus 154 (45.8 %). The patients’ average age was 49.5 ± 16.5 years, with 28.3 % (n = 95) being elderly. The three most common complaints raised by patients were headache, movement disorder, and sensory disorder, accounting for 29.5%, 27.7%, and 27.7% of complaints, respectively. Seventeen patients (5.1%) also mentioned other issues, with anger, anxiety, depression, and nausea being the most common complaints.Conclusion: Headache, movement disorder, and sensory disorder are the most common neurological disorders referred to a military hospital. Because of the high prevalence of these issues, it is necessary to establish specialized clinics and conduct additional research to determine the most common types of sensory and movement disorders, as well as the most effective methods of prevention and treatment in medical centers.
Original Article
Emmanuel O Taiwo; Lateef O Thanni; Oyesimisola Pricilla Taiwo
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 15 April 2022
Abstract
Background: It is widely accepted that T2DM is preceded by a long pre-diabetic stage. Family studies have confirmed that the incidence of T2DM in first degree offspring of T2DM patients is higher when compared with control subjects. The baseline levels of HbA1c in offspring of T2 diabetes are important ...
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Background: It is widely accepted that T2DM is preceded by a long pre-diabetic stage. Family studies have confirmed that the incidence of T2DM in first degree offspring of T2DM patients is higher when compared with control subjects. The baseline levels of HbA1c in offspring of T2 diabetes are important markers to development of Diabetes.Objectives: This study was designed to assess the baseline HbA1c levels of normoglycemic offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods: This study involved 100 offspring of T2DM patients (ODP) and 100 offspring of non-diabetic parents (ONDP) selected using random sampling method, aged between 16 and 40 years. Diabetic parents were exempted from the study. FBS was measured using Accucheck glucometer to exclude diabetes. Height, weight, serum HbA1c were measured using standard methods. BMI was calculated. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistic. Results: The age range between 21and 25 years constituted the highest group 88(44.0%). 16(8.0%) of the study group were obese. 13(13.0%) were overweight. 150(75%) were normal-weight subjects. The mean HbA1c of 5.13%±0.03 in ODP subjects was significantly greater than that of ONDP subjects 4.76%±0.05 (p<0.05). Conclusion: The serum HbA1c levels are higher among ODP than ONDP. The awareness of variations in these levels are precautionary measures since T2DM is long time predated to its development.
Original Article
Shervin Assari; Babak Najand; Ronald Mincy; Cleopatra Caldwell
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 28 May 2022
Abstract
Background: High income is a protective factor against suicidality for children, youth, and adults, however, recent research has documented weaker health effects of high income for Black than White individuals, a pattern also called marginalization-related diminished returns (MDRs).Objectives: In this ...
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Background: High income is a protective factor against suicidality for children, youth, and adults, however, recent research has documented weaker health effects of high income for Black than White individuals, a pattern also called marginalization-related diminished returns (MDRs).Objectives: In this study, we tested racial variation in the association between high income and suicidality in a national sample of 9-10-year-old Black and White American children.Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which included 7298 White or Black children between the ages of 9 and 10. Of all the participants, 5652 were White and 1646 were Black. The predictor variable was family income, treated as a continuous measure. Race was the moderator. The outcome variable was suicidality, treated as a dummy variable, reflecting any positive suicidal thoughts or behaviors endorsed over the life-course. Covariates included sex, age, family structure (parental marital status), parental education, trauma, history of depression, neighborhood poverty, and family conflict. Logistic regression was used for data analysis.Results: Overall, family income was inversely associated with children’s suicidality, net of all covariates. A statistically significant interaction was found between race and family income, suggesting that the inverse association between family income and suicidality is weaker in Black than White children.Conclusion: The observed weaker association between income and suicidality in Black than White children suggests that family income does not provide the same protection against suicidality for Black as White children.
Original Article
Hassan Ali Mohebbi; soleiman heydari; Hamid Reza majdi; Mehran Pouraqajani
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 15 June 2022
Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer is the 8th most common cancer and the 6th most common cause of cancer death worldwide. In Iran, its prevalence is high. Surgery is recommended for tumors in early stages. Objectives: This study aims to determine demographic data, therapeutic approaches, postoperative mortality, ...
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Background: Esophageal cancer is the 8th most common cancer and the 6th most common cause of cancer death worldwide. In Iran, its prevalence is high. Surgery is recommended for tumors in early stages. Objectives: This study aims to determine demographic data, therapeutic approaches, postoperative mortality, and survival rate in patients with esophageal cancer who were managed in a referral hospital.Methods: In a Cohort study, the patients hospitalized during six years period were evaluated. Demographic data, tumor characteristics, laboratory data, surgical approaches, and survival time were obtained. Statistical analysis was performed using life tables, proportional hazard Cox regression, and the Kaplan-Meier method by SPSS version 20 software. Survival curves were compared by log-rank analysis. Results: In six years, 92 patients were admitted which 54 (58.7%) were male. The average age was 63.08 ±12.03 years. Ten patients (10.8%) were below 50 years old. SCC was the most common type (85.8%). Fifty-three patients (57.6%) were selected for surgery. Postoperative mortality in 30 days occurred in 7 patients (13.2%). Seventy-seven patients could be followed. The median survival rate was 12.8 ±2.92 months. The survival rate for one year, three years and five years were 51.94%, 24.67% and 19.48%, respectively.Two factors that had significant statistical correlation with median survival time were metastasis (P=0.01) and vomiting (P=0.003).Conclusion: Esophageal cancer is a poor prognostic disease and esophagectomy is a morbid operation. To reduce postoperative mortality and increase the survival time, better patient selection and operations by expert surgeons must be considered
Case Report
Reyhaneh Abolghasemi; Masoumeh Saeedi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 11 April 2022
Abstract
Introduction: The main symptoms of new coronavirus in patients are fever or chills, tiredness, and dry cough. In this case, we reported a woman who got involved in COVID-19 pneumonia with gastrointestinal instead of lower respiratory symptoms.
Case Presentation: A 67 years old woman was referred to ...
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Introduction: The main symptoms of new coronavirus in patients are fever or chills, tiredness, and dry cough. In this case, we reported a woman who got involved in COVID-19 pneumonia with gastrointestinal instead of lower respiratory symptoms.
Case Presentation: A 67 years old woman was referred to an outpatient clinic in Tehran with fever, chills, sneezing, tiredness, severe nausea, anorexia, and diarrhea. She did not have a cough, dyspnea, or chest pain and her lung sound was normal. According to the blood O2 saturation decreasing, C-reactive protein increasing, and the lung imaging findings, she was admitted with COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosis in the infectious care department of a hospital. The 2019-nCoV real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) intranasal assay was negative. She was treated with intranasal oxygen therapy, anti-inflammatory drugs, and prednisone. After one week she was discharged in generally good condition and quarantined for two weeks later. After 25 days the COVID-19 IgM and IgG antibodies were in positive ranges.
Conclusion: Severe fatigue, mainly in elders caused the inability to cough, and light inspiration force especially in the lower lung lobes could explain the normal lung sounds in the physical examination. Also, we hypothesized that reverse circulation of the virus may occur from the gastro intestine to the respiratory system. The gut-lung microbial imbalance may affect the severity in patients with extrapulmonary symptoms, especially in old ages. Furthermore, damage to the vagus nerve along the path in the proximity to lungs infected with COVID-19 can cause nausea without gastrointestinal involvement.
Case Report
Sohbat Rezaee; Manouchehr Avatef Fazeli; Arefeh Hedayati
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 18 May 2022
Abstract
Introduction: Neurofibromas, benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors, are the most common among neural lesion. Neurofibromas are rare in head and neck location, although it may involve any part of oral cavity. However, tongue is the most common region.Case presentation: A 27 year-old man was admitted to ...
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Introduction: Neurofibromas, benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors, are the most common among neural lesion. Neurofibromas are rare in head and neck location, although it may involve any part of oral cavity. However, tongue is the most common region.Case presentation: A 27 year-old man was admitted to Otorhinolaryngology Department due to a swelling in the base of his tongue, since two weeks before. This mass was painless, and without any associated symptoms. He was suffered from a mild eating disorder, too. He had no any positive past medical history, and only a large soft 6 × 5 cm mass was found at the base of his tongue without bleeding in the oral cavity. Excisional biopsy was performed for him under general anesthesia and the tumor was easily enucleated. The final diagnosis was neurofibroma. After the diagnosis of neurofibroma, the physical reexamination revealed a series of café au lait spots on his skin.Conclusion: the neurofibroma should be considered by otorhinolaryngologist, as a differential diagnosis of tongue mass, and more accurate physical examination are recommended for better management.