Hospital Practices and Research

Abstract Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative, short, facultative anaerobic bacillus that commonly grows in laboratory culture environments, including blood agar, EMB, Mueller-Hinton agar, and nutrient agar. As an opportunistic pathogen, it poses significant treatment challenges due to increasing antibiotic resistance. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between antibiotic resistance and the frequency of qnrS and qnrA genes in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia. Methods: In this study, 100 patients referred to Sina Hospital in Tabriz due to urinary tract infections (UTIs) were examined. Common biochemical tests confirmed the presence of Klebsiella in 20 samples. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolates was determined using the disc diffusion method, and the results of the antibiogram test were analyzed. The resistance of the samples to five different types of antibiotics was assessed. Results: In this study, the highest antibiotic resistance was observed against nalidixic acid. The presence of the qnrS gene was confirmed in five isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, while the qnrA gene was absent in all isolates. The sensitivity of the Klebsiella pneumoniae strain to iron oxide nanoparticles was evaluated using the well method at a concentration of 0.08 g in 100 ml of water. One sample in a volume of 100 ml and two samples in a volume of 200 ml formed halos with diameters of 11 mm, 14 mm, and 12 mm, respectively. Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that the frequency of qnrS genes was high in fluoroquinolone-resistant samples of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and this factor could lead to progressive antimicrobial resistance in different hospital departments.

Abstract Background: A comprehensive overview of ESKAPE pathogens, highlighting their antibiotic resistance mechanisms and the urgent need to address the clinical impact of these pathogens in bloodstream infections.
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to observe the prevalence and trends of antibiotic susceptibility profiles of ESKAPE blood pathogens in Intensive Care Units (ICUs), providing valuable insights for improving patient care and infection control.
Methods: A detailed description of our descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in various ICUs, including blood sample collection, antibiotic susceptibility testing, and data management and statistical analysis.
Results: The findings of the present study reveal insight into the distribution of ESKAPE pathogens in different ICUs, with a focus on prevalence, age-specific variations, and antibiotic resistance patterns.
Conclusion: A thorough discussion on the clinical implications of our results, emphasizing the high prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and the concerning levels of antibiotic resistance observed.