Kazem Hassanpour; Marjan Vejdani; Mozhdeh Navi Nezhad; Mehdi Jalili Akbarian; Esmat Davoudi-Monfared; Parastoo Amiri
Abstract
Background: Owing to the crucial role of nutrition with breast milk for both the mother and infant, the implementation of programs that support breastfeeding seems essential.Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of post-delivery telephone counseling on the rate of exclusive breastfeeding ...
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Background: Owing to the crucial role of nutrition with breast milk for both the mother and infant, the implementation of programs that support breastfeeding seems essential.Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of post-delivery telephone counseling on the rate of exclusive breastfeeding among infants.Methods: This study, as a randomized clinical trial, investigated 170 women who delivered their children in the Sabzevar Shahidan Mobini hospital, Iran in 2017. After acquiring the written informed consent, the researchers randomly assigned the subjects into two groups, including the telephone counseling recipient group (intervention) and the telephone counseling non-recipient group (control). The data collection instruments were questionnaires and checklists. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS 18 software.Results: The findings of the study showed that 73.8% of the counseling non-recipient group had exclusive breastfeeding, and 26.2% did not have exclusive breastfeeding. In the telephone counseling recipient group, 90.4% exclusively breastfed their infants, while 9.6% did not. Thus, there was a statistically significant difference between the two understudy groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: This research revealed that although mothers were trained how to breastfeed when they were pregnant or were discharged from hospitals, and exclusive breastfeeding was emphasized, implementing the counseling program, even telephonic, and responding mothers’ questions regarding breastfeeding and prevalent problems in this period could be helpful in the first two months after delivery.
Fakhri Allahyari; Fatemeh Abedi; Mohsen Saberi Isfeedvajani; Seyed Javad Hoseininejad Anbaran; Esmat Davoudi-Monfared
Abstract
Background: The field of neurology encompasses a wide range of disease types, and recognizing the most common manifestations of these diseases, particularly in subgroups, is critical for improving appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic measures.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the ...
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Background: The field of neurology encompasses a wide range of disease types, and recognizing the most common manifestations of these diseases, particularly in subgroups, is critical for improving appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic measures.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of common manifestations of neurological diseases in patients referred to a military hospital’s internal neurology clinic.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of patients referred to the internal neurology clinic of a reference military hospital, Tehran, Iran in 2020. The sampling was done at random using a checklist. Finally data was analyzed by using SPSS software.Results: Women made up the majority of patients in 336 samples 182 (54.2 %) versus 154 (45.8 %). The patients’ average age was 49.5 ± 16.5 years, with 28.3 % (n = 95) being elderly. The three most common complaints raised by patients were headache, movement disorder, and sensory disorder, accounting for 29.5%, 27.7%, and 27.7% of complaints, respectively. Seventeen patients (5.1%) also mentioned other issues, with anger, anxiety, depression, and nausea being the most common complaints.Conclusion: Headache, movement disorder, and sensory disorder are the most common neurological disorders referred to a military hospital. Because of the high prevalence of these issues, it is necessary to establish specialized clinics and conduct additional research to determine the most common types of sensory and movement disorders, as well as the most effective methods of prevention and treatment in medical centers.
Ensieh Vahedi; Seyed Jalal Madani; Hamideh Molaee; Esmat Davoudi-Monfared
Abstract
Background: Pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax are usually rare conditions after pneumonia. This study examines the progress of pneumonia of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to spontaneous pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in a patient. Case Presentation: The patient was a 40-year-old man who ...
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Background: Pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax are usually rare conditions after pneumonia. This study examines the progress of pneumonia of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to spontaneous pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in a patient. Case Presentation: The patient was a 40-year-old man who complained of nonproductive cough and dyspnea. He also complained of fever, sore throat, back, and chest pain. The patient used to smoke but now he quit .His O2 saturation was 89% at the time of admission. He was assessed with suspicion of COVID-19. CT scans of the chest showed brief changes of emphysema and a ground glass view was also seen in the lungs. In the patient’s tests, RT-PCR testing of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was performed and it was positive. Treatment was initiated and because of the progression of symptoms, the serial CT scanning of the patient’s lungs was performed daily; and cavitary changes, air-fluid appearance, and destructive changes of lungs were reported. After eight days, the patient’s cough worsened. CT scans of the patient’s lungs showed some bullaes, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum, thus a chest tube was inserted and oxygen therapy was begun on the patient with 3-6 L/min. After 5 days in CT, the patient was relieved of pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum and after a week, the chest tube came out. Conclusion: Pulmonary lesions of COVID 19 can progress to bullae, pneumomediastinum, and pneumothorax. Deterioration of dyspnea and respiratory symptoms can be a warning of pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax that can be confirmed by graphics and timely treatment of the patient can be life-saving.
Mohsen Saberi Isfeedvajani; Esmat Davoudi-Monfared; Akbar Nikpajouh; Yaser Nasiri Moghadam
Abstract
Background: Hospitals are the most important and largest providers of health services in the health system. Objectives: This study aimed to examine hospital managers’ attitudes toward health promotion policies at a teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical ...
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Background: Hospitals are the most important and largest providers of health services in the health system. Objectives: This study aimed to examine hospital managers’ attitudes toward health promotion policies at a teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical study. The study population consisted of 75 senior and middle managers of a teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran in 2018. Sampling was conducted through a census. The study instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire assessing managers’ attitudes toward health promotion. The questionnaire was validated. Data were collected and then analyzed using SPSS 20 software. Results: Total score of health promotion policies was estimated to be 84.5 ± 10.6 out of 100. The highest scores of the components associated with health promotion policies were 94.9 ± 9.34 and 93.8 ± 10.36 of 100 belonging to “Awareness of hospital staff of health promotion policies” and “Enjoyment of a written health promotion policy” items, respectively; while the lowest score was 75.4 ± 20.68 out of 100 belonging to “Informing patients, their companions, and staff about factors associated with the disease whose health is supported by the hospital”. The highest score of components associated with health promotion activities was 94.1 ± 9.74 out of 100 belonging to “Increasing patients’ trust by providing health promotion services” item and the lowest was 72.2 ± 19.4 out of 100 belonging to “Assessment of patient’s needs for health promotion” item. Conclusion: Hospital managers’ attitudes score was high toward health promotion policies and activities, but there are still problems with health promotion activities, the most important of which is a therapeutic-centered perspective.
Mohsen Saberi Isfeedvajani; Esmat Davoudi-Monfared; Mojtaba Naderi
Abstract
Background: Physicians’ satisfaction is closely related to the effectiveness of health services, including quality of services as well as patient compliance, satisfaction, and outcomes. Objectives: This study was designed to examine the job satisfaction level of physicians working at a referral ...
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Background: Physicians’ satisfaction is closely related to the effectiveness of health services, including quality of services as well as patient compliance, satisfaction, and outcomes. Objectives: This study was designed to examine the job satisfaction level of physicians working at a referral hospital in Tehran. Methods: This research was a descriptive study performed on a population of physicians working at a referral hospital from April to August 2019. The sample size was calculated as 120 subjects. The Physicians’ Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (PJSQ), which is a valid questionnaire, was used as the data collection tool. The collected data was entered into SPSS Statistics 20. Mann-Whitney and t tests were used for data analysis. Results: The frequency of female and male physicians was 50 (38.2%) and 81 (61.8%), respectively. The total mean of Job satisfaction in physicians was 51±7.05. Overall satisfaction scores were 70.7±15.1, 51.5±11.1, 49.8±13.1, 49.5±11.2, 44.1±9.3, and 40.5±11.9 in domains of income satisfaction, physicians’ satisfaction with management, relationship between physicians and their colleagues, patients, staff, and physicians’ job satisfaction, respectively. 87% of physicians participating in this study were not willing to leave their jobs. The income satisfaction of the female physician group was significantly higher than that of men (P=0.029). The income satisfaction of subspecialists was significantly higher than that of specialists (P=0.022). The job satisfaction of physicians who were not faculty members was significantly higher than that of physicians who were faculty members (P=0.034). Conclusion: The job satisfaction level of physicians working at a referral hospital in Tehran was moderate. Income satisfaction and job satisfaction were the highest and lowest levels of satisfaction, respectively.
Hormoz Sanaeinasab; Esmat Davoudi Monfared; Ali-Akbar Karimi Zarchi; Mohsen Saffari; Abdowreza Delavari
Abstract
Background: Common cancers such as colon, breast, and lung cancer are increasing in developing countries.
Objective: This study was conducted to determine 10-year trends and changes in common cancers in patients from a referral hospital in Tehran, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated ...
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Background: Common cancers such as colon, breast, and lung cancer are increasing in developing countries.
Objective: This study was conducted to determine 10-year trends and changes in common cancers in patients from a referral hospital in Tehran, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated a study population comprising colon, stomach, lung, prostate, and breast cancer patients registered at the cancer center of a referral hospital in Tehran, Iran from April 1, 2007 to the end of March, 2016 (n=4472). Inclusion criteria were a definitive diagnosis of cancer and an age between 15 and 75 years. Data was entered into SPSS (version 18) software and analyzed using the Time Series analysis and Scatter IO graph.
Results: Significant correlations (P value <0.001) were seen between age increases in patients and the increasing number of patients in any type of cancer. With almost all of the five studied cancers, incidence increased with aging (P value <0.001). The incremental linear trend in the age of patients with lung (P value = 0.008) and colon (P value = 0.004) cancers and the decreasing trend in the age of prostate cancer patients (P value = 0.001) were statistically significant.
Conclusion: The incidence of cancer has increased over the past 10 years in both genders and ages. It is suggested that future studies should address the causes and factors behind the increasing incidence of common cancers.
Sima Noohi; Mohammad Ghalamfarsa; Esmat Davoudi Monfared
Abstract
Background: The birth of a child with a hearing disability is a stressful event in the family. Since consanguineous marriages are associated with the incidence of congenital hearing loss, it is expected that such parents will experience greater psychological problems. Objective: The current study investigated ...
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Background: The birth of a child with a hearing disability is a stressful event in the family. Since consanguineous marriages are associated with the incidence of congenital hearing loss, it is expected that such parents will experience greater psychological problems. Objective: The current study investigated and compared anxiety, depression, and stress in parents of children with severe hearing loss who have undergone cochlear implantation with a focus on the relation between parents (consanguineous vs. non-consanguineous). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on all 180 couples (360 individuals) who had become parents and attended Baqiyatallah hospital’s Cochlear Implant Center from 2007 to 2009. The participants included two groups of consanguineous (125 couples) and non-consanguineous (55 couples) parents. After providing consent to participate in this study, the participants completed the short form of the Depression and Anxiety and Stress Scale questionnaire (DASS-21). Data analysis was done using SPSS 17 and t test. Results: The participating parents had high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Depression and anxiety were significantly higher among the consanguineous parents (P=0.001 and P=0.005, respectively). However, stress levels were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Moreover, compared to the fathers, the mothers had higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on these findings, it may be concluded that the birth of a child with hearing loss can be the source of psychological problems in parents, particularly in consanguineous parents. Furthermore, mothers are more psychologically vulnerable than fathers.